Ballet: Jewels (Gabriel Fauré, Igor Stravinsky, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, 1967)
Introduction
Ballet: Jewels is a unique and captivating ballet choreographed by the legendary George Balanchine. Premiering on April 13, 1967, at the New York City Ballet, this ballet is notable for its innovative structure and the collaboration of three renowned composers: Gabriel Fauré, Igor Stravinsky, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Unlike traditional ballets, Jewels does not follow a specific plot but instead celebrates the beauty and elegance of ballet through three distinct acts, each inspired by a different gemstone: Emeralds, Rubies, and Diamonds.
Historical Background
Creation and Development
Jewels was created during a period of significant artistic exploration and innovation in the world of ballet. The 1960s saw a shift towards more abstract and thematic works, moving away from the narrative-driven ballets of the past. George Balanchine, a pioneering figure in this movement, sought to create a ballet that would showcase the versatility and beauty of classical dance without the constraints of a storyline.
The inspiration for Jewels came from Balanchine’s visit to the Van Cleef & Arpels jewelry store in New York. Enchanted by the exquisite gemstones, he envisioned a ballet that would capture the essence of these precious stones through music and dance. Collaborating with composers Gabriel Fauré, Igor Stravinsky, and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Balanchine crafted a ballet that would become a timeless masterpiece.
Premiere and Reception
Jewels premiered on April 13, 1967, at the New York City Ballet. The initial reception was overwhelmingly positive, with critics and audiences alike praising the ballet’s innovative structure and the seamless integration of music and choreography. Notable early performances included revivals by major ballet companies around the world, solidifying Jewels’ status as a beloved classic in the ballet repertoire.
Synopsis of the Ballet
Act I: Emeralds
Emeralds, set to the music of Gabriel Fauré, evokes the elegance and romance of the French ballet tradition. The act features a series of lyrical and flowing dances, with the dancers adorned in green costumes that shimmer like emeralds. Key moments include the Pas de Deux, where the lead couple performs a graceful and intimate dance, and the ensemble sections that highlight the harmony and beauty of the group.
Act II: Rubies
Rubies, set to the music of Igor Stravinsky, is a vibrant and energetic act that captures the fiery spirit of the gemstone. The choreography is bold and dynamic, with sharp movements and playful interactions between the dancers. Highlights include the central Pas de Deux, where the lead dancers showcase their technical prowess and charisma, and the ensemble sections that exude a sense of joy and exuberance.
Act III: Diamonds
Diamonds, set to the music of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, is a grand and majestic act that pays homage to the grandeur of Russian ballet. The choreography is classical and regal, with intricate patterns and formations that reflect the brilliance of diamonds. Key moments include the Pas de Deux, where the lead couple performs a breathtakingly elegant dance, and the finale, where the entire ensemble comes together in a dazzling display of unity and grace.
Finale
The conclusion of Jewels brings together the themes of each act, celebrating the diversity and beauty of ballet. The finale is a triumphant and joyous culmination of the ballet, leaving audiences with a sense of awe and admiration for the art form.
Musical Composition
Composer’s Role
Each composer played a crucial role in shaping the distinct character of their respective acts. Gabriel Fauré’s music for Emeralds is delicate and lyrical, perfectly complementing the romantic and ethereal choreography. Igor Stravinsky’s score for Rubies is bold and rhythmic, providing the perfect backdrop for the energetic and playful dances. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s music for Diamonds is grand and majestic, enhancing the regal and classical choreography.
Musical Themes and Motifs
The music of Jewels features recurring themes and motifs that enhance the narrative and emotional depth of the ballet. In Emeralds, Fauré’s use of lush harmonies and flowing melodies creates a sense of romance and nostalgia. In Rubies, Stravinsky’s syncopated rhythms and bold orchestration convey a sense of excitement and playfulness. In Diamonds, Tchaikovsky’s sweeping melodies and rich orchestration evoke a sense of grandeur and elegance.
Famous Recordings and Performances
There have been numerous iconic recordings and performances of Jewels’ music. Notable recordings include those by the New York City Ballet Orchestra, conducted by Robert Irving, and the Royal Ballet Sinfonia, conducted by Barry Wordsworth. These recordings capture the essence of the ballet’s music and have become essential listening for ballet enthusiasts.
Choreography and Dance
Choreographer’s Vision
George Balanchine’s vision for Jewels was to create a ballet that would celebrate the beauty and versatility of classical dance. His choreography is characterized by its elegance, precision, and musicality. Balanchine’s innovative use of space, patterns, and formations in Jewels has influenced countless choreographers and remains a hallmark of his style.
Signature Dance Numbers
Jewels features several signature dance numbers that have become iconic in the world of ballet. In Emeralds, the Pas de Deux is a highlight, showcasing the lead couple’s grace and intimacy. In Rubies, the central Pas de Deux is a tour de force of technical skill and charisma. In Diamonds, the Pas de Deux and the grand finale are standout moments, displaying the dancers’ elegance and unity.
Notable Interpretations
Over the years, different productions of Jewels have brought unique interpretations and adaptations of Balanchine’s choreography. Notable interpretations include those by the Paris Opera Ballet, the Bolshoi Ballet, and the Royal Ballet. Each production has added its own flair and style to the ballet, while staying true to Balanchine’s original vision.
Characters and Roles
Main Characters
Jewels does not have specific characters in the traditional sense, but rather features lead dancers who embody the essence of each gemstone. In Emeralds, the lead couple exudes romance and elegance. In Rubies, the lead dancers are bold and playful. In Diamonds, the lead couple is regal and majestic.
Supporting Characters
The supporting dancers in Jewels play a crucial role in creating the overall atmosphere and beauty of the ballet. In Emeralds, the ensemble dancers add to the lyrical and flowing quality of the act. In Rubies, the supporting dancers contribute to the vibrant and energetic feel. In Diamonds, the ensemble adds to the grandeur and majesty of the act.
Famous Dancers
Many renowned dancers have performed in Jewels over the years. Notable performers include Suzanne Farrell, who was a muse for Balanchine and performed in the original production, and more recent stars like Maria Kowroski and Sara Mearns. These dancers have brought their own unique interpretations to the roles, adding to the ballet’s rich history.
Cultural and Artistic Impact
Influence on Ballet and Dance
Jewels has had a profound influence on the world of ballet and dance. Its innovative structure and choreography have inspired countless choreographers and dancers. The ballet’s celebration of classical dance has helped to preserve and promote the art form, ensuring its continued relevance and popularity.
Cultural Significance
Jewels holds a special place in popular culture and has been referenced in literature, film, and other media. Its timeless beauty and elegance have made it a beloved classic, and its influence can be seen in various adaptations and reinterpretations in different art forms.
Legacy and Revivals
Jewels continues to be performed and celebrated around the world. Major revivals by leading ballet companies, such as the Paris Opera Ballet and the Bolshoi Ballet, have introduced the ballet to new generations of audiences. Modern adaptations and reinterpretations have kept the ballet fresh and relevant, ensuring its enduring legacy.
Iconic Productions
Historic Productions
Some of the most famous historical productions of Jewels include the original 1967 premiere by the New York City Ballet, as well as early revivals by the Paris Opera Ballet and the Bolshoi Ballet. These productions featured key figures such as Suzanne Farrell, who was a muse for Balanchine, and other renowned dancers and choreographers.
Contemporary Productions
Recent productions of Jewels have brought new interpretations and innovations to the ballet. Companies like the Royal Ballet and the Mariinsky Ballet have staged contemporary versions that stay true to Balanchine’s vision while adding modern elements. These productions have been praised for their fresh perspectives and high-quality performances.
Production Design
The set, costume, and lighting design in various productions of Jewels have played a crucial role in bringing the ballet to life. The original production featured costumes designed by Karinska, which have become iconic in their own right. Modern productions have introduced new designs that enhance the visual appeal and atmosphere of the ballet.
Critical Reception and Reviews
Initial Critical Response
The initial critical response to Jewels was overwhelmingly positive. Critics praised Balanchine’s innovative structure and choreography, as well as the seamless integration of music and dance. The ballet was hailed as a masterpiece and a significant contribution to the world of ballet.
Modern Reviews
Contemporary critics and audiences continue to hold Jewels in high regard. The ballet is celebrated for its timeless beauty and elegance, as well as its influence on the art form. Modern reviews often highlight the high-quality performances and innovative interpretations in recent productions.
Fun Facts and Trivia
Behind-the-Scenes Stories
One interesting behind-the-scenes story involves Balanchine’s inspiration for Jewels. During a visit to the Van Cleef & Arpels jewelry store in New York, he was captivated by the beauty of the gemstones and envisioned a ballet that would capture their essence. This visit ultimately led to the creation of Jewels.
Notable Performers
Many famous dancers have performed in Jewels over the years. Suzanne Farrell, who was a muse for Balanchine, performed in the original production. Other notable performers include Maria Kowroski, Sara Mearns, and more recent stars like Tiler Peck and Ashley Bouder.
Trivia
- Jewels is often considered the first full-length abstract ballet.
- The ballet does not follow a specific plot but instead celebrates the beauty of classical dance.
- Each act of Jewels is inspired by a different gemstone: Emeralds, Rubies, and Diamonds.
- The original costumes for Jewels were designed by Karinska, a renowned costume designer.
Conclusion
Summary of the Ballet’s Importance
Jewels is a significant work in the world of ballet, celebrated for its innovative structure, beautiful choreography, and seamless integration of music and dance. It has had a profound influence on the art form and continues to be performed and celebrated around the world.
Final Thoughts
Jewels is a timeless masterpiece that showcases the beauty and versatility of classical dance. Its celebration of gemstones through music and choreography is a testament to Balanchine’s genius and vision. Whether you are a seasoned ballet enthusiast or a newcomer to the art form, Jewels is a must-see performance that will leave you in awe.
FAQ
What is the central theme of this ballet?
The central theme of Jewels is the celebration of the beauty and elegance of classical dance, inspired by the brilliance of gemstones.
Who are the main characters in this ballet?
Jewels does not have specific characters in the traditional sense but features lead dancers who embody the essence of each gemstone: Emeralds, Rubies, and Diamonds.
What is the most famous dance number in this ballet?
Some of the most famous dance numbers in Jewels include the Pas de Deux in each act: Emeralds, Rubies, and Diamonds.
How long does a typical performance of this ballet last?
A typical performance of Jewels lasts approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes, including intermissions between each act.
Are there any modern adaptations of this ballet?
Yes, there have been several modern adaptations and reinterpretations of Jewels by leading ballet companies around the world, each bringing unique perspectives to the ballet while staying true to Balanchine’s vision.
Why is this ballet considered important in the history of dance?
Jewels is considered important in the history of dance for its innovative structure, beautiful choreography, and seamless integration of music and dance. It has had a profound influence on the art form and continues to be celebrated and performed around the world.
