Jumping Terms in Ballet: Sauté, Jeté, Assemblé
Introduction
Ballet is a classical dance form that has captivated audiences for centuries with its grace, precision, and expressive movements. Among the many techniques and terms in ballet, jumps hold a special place due to their dynamic and visually stunning nature. This article delves into three fundamental jumping terms in ballet: Sauté, Jeté, and Assemblé. Understanding these terms is crucial for both dancers and enthusiasts who wish to appreciate the art form more deeply.
Sauté
Definition and Basic Technique
The term Sauté (pronounced soh-TAY) is derived from the French word for “jumped” or “bounced.” In ballet, a sauté is a simple jump that starts and ends in the same position, typically in a plié (a bending of the knees). The dancer pushes off the floor with both feet and lands softly, returning to the plié position.
Execution
To execute a sauté correctly, follow these steps:
- Begin in a plié position, with knees bent and feet turned out.
- Push off the floor with both feet, extending the legs and pointing the toes in the air.
- Land softly back into the plié position, absorbing the impact through the knees.
Common Variations
Sautés can be performed in various positions, including:
- Sauté in First Position: Feet are turned out and heels are together.
- Sauté in Second Position: Feet are turned out and placed wider apart.
- Sauté in Fifth Position: One foot is placed in front of the other, with heels and toes touching.
Importance in Ballet
Sautés are fundamental to ballet training as they help dancers develop strength, coordination, and control. They are often used in warm-up exercises and are the building blocks for more complex jumps.
Jeté
Definition and Basic Technique
The term Jeté (pronounced zhuh-TAY) means “thrown” in French. In ballet, a jeté is a jump where the dancer throws one leg into the air while pushing off the other leg, creating a split-like position in mid-air. The dancer then lands on the leg that was initially thrown.
Execution
To execute a jeté correctly, follow these steps:
- Begin in a plié position, with one foot in front of the other (usually in fifth position).
- Push off the back foot while simultaneously throwing the front leg into the air.
- Extend both legs in a split-like position while in mid-air.
- Land softly on the front leg, absorbing the impact through the knee.
Common Variations
Jetés can be performed in various styles, including:
- Grand Jeté: A large, dramatic leap with a full split in the air.
- Petit Jeté: A smaller, quicker version of the jeté.
- Jeté en Tournant: A jeté performed with a turn in the air.
Importance in Ballet
Jetés are essential for showcasing a dancer’s athleticism and grace. They require a combination of strength, flexibility, and coordination, making them a staple in many ballet performances and variations.
Assemblé
Definition and Basic Technique
The term Assemblé (pronounced ah-sahm-BLAY) means “assembled” or “joined together” in French. In ballet, an assemblé is a jump where the dancer’s feet or legs are brought together in the air before landing. It typically starts from one foot and lands on both feet.
Execution
To execute an assemblé correctly, follow these steps:
- Begin in a plié position, with one foot in front of the other (usually in fifth position).
- Push off the back foot while simultaneously brushing the front foot into the air.
- Bring both legs together in the air, creating a tight fifth position.
- Land softly on both feet, absorbing the impact through the knees.
Common Variations
Assemblés can be performed in various styles, including:
- Assemblé Devant: The front leg brushes forward before joining the back leg in the air.
- Assemblé Derrière: The back leg brushes backward before joining the front leg in the air.
- Assemblé en Tournant: An assemblé performed with a turn in the air.
Importance in Ballet
Assemblés are crucial for developing a dancer’s precision and control. They are often used in combinations and sequences, requiring the dancer to maintain proper alignment and timing.
FAQ
What is the difference between a sauté and a jeté?
A sauté is a simple jump that starts and ends in the same position, typically in a plié. In contrast, a jeté involves throwing one leg into the air while pushing off the other leg, creating a split-like position in mid-air before landing on the thrown leg.
Can beginners perform jetés and assemblés?
Yes, beginners can perform basic versions of jetés and assemblés. However, these jumps require proper technique and strength, so it is essential to practice under the guidance of a qualified instructor.
How can I improve my jumps in ballet?
Improving jumps in ballet requires a combination of strength training, flexibility exercises, and technique practice. Focus on building leg and core strength, maintaining proper alignment, and practicing jumps regularly to enhance your skills.
Are there any common mistakes to avoid when performing sautés, jetés, and assemblés?
Common mistakes include not fully extending the legs and feet in the air, landing with stiff knees, and losing proper alignment. To avoid these mistakes, focus on executing each jump with control and precision, and always land softly to protect your joints.
What role do pliés play in jumps?
Pliés are essential for jumps as they provide the necessary preparation and cushioning for takeoff and landing. A deep plié helps generate power for the jump, while a controlled plié upon landing helps absorb impact and maintain balance.
Conclusion
Understanding and mastering the jumping terms Sauté, Jeté, and Assemblé is fundamental for any ballet dancer. These jumps not only showcase a dancer’s athleticism and grace but also contribute to the overall beauty and expressiveness of ballet. By practicing these jumps with proper technique and dedication, dancers can elevate their performance and captivate audiences with their skill and artistry.
